In general, to avoid interrupting the continuity of the text, footnote numbers are placed at the end of the sentence, clause, or phrase containing the quoted or paraphrased material.Ģ. They can follow all punctuation marks except dashes. Do not include periods, parentheses, or slashes. Numbering of footnotes are 'superscript'-Arabic numbers typed slightly above the line of text. Footnotes are numbered consecutively throughout a research paper, except for those notes accompanying special material (e.g., figures, tables, charts, etc.).

Things to keep in mind when considering using either endnotes or footnotes in your research paper:ġ. If the footnotes are lengthy, there's a risk they could dominate the page, although this issue is considered acceptable in legal scholarship.If there are multiple columns, charts, or tables below only a small segment of text that includes a footnote, then you must decide where the footnotes should appear.Footnotes can clutter up the page and, thus, negatively impact the overall look of the page.Footnotes are automatically included when printing off specific pages.It allows the reader to immediately link the footnote to the subject of the text without having to take the time to find the note at the back of the paper.Readers interested in identifying the source or note can quickly glance down the page to find what they are looking for.A reader may believe you are trying to hide something by burying it in a hard-to-find endnote. Endnotes may carry a negative connotation much like the proverbial 'fine print' or hidden disclaimers in advertising.Depending on how they are created, you may have to remember the chapter number as well as the endnote number in order to find the correct one.If you want to look at the text of a particular endnote, you have to flip to the end of the research paper to find the information.As a separate section of a research paper, endnotes allow the reader to read and contemplate all the notes at once.Endnotes are less distracting to the reader and allows the narrative to flow better.Extending the Timeliness of a Topic Idea.

Endnote vs footnote example